The following interlinear glossed text data was extracted from a document found on the
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If you use any of the data shown here for research purposes,
be sure to cite ODIN and the source document. Please use the following citation record or variant thereof:
Crysmann, Berthold (2004). An inflectional approach to Hausa Final Vowel Shortening.
URL: http://www.coli.uni-sb.de/~crysmann/papers/hausa-fvs.pdf
(Last accessed 2005-06-03).
ODIN: http://odin.linguistlist.org/igt_raw.php?id= 1283&langcode=hau (2021-08-15).
Example #1:
(2) a. Na: ka:mà ki:fi: (H:93)
1.S.CMPL.ABS catch.V.Gr1.C fish
`I caught fish.'
Example #2:
b. Na: ka:mà: (H:93)
1.S.CMPL.ABS catch.V.Gr1.A
`I caught (it).'
Example #3:
c. Na: ka:mà: shi.(H:93)
1.S.CMPL.ABS catch.V.Gr1.B him
`I caught it.'
Example #4:
d. Na: ka:mà: wà Mu:sa: ki:fi: (H:93)
1.S.CMPL.ABS catch.V.Gr1.D(=A) for Musa fish
`I caught fish for Musa.'
Example #5:
e. ki:fîn dà na ka:mà:
fish.DEF COMP 1.S.CMPL.ABS catch.V.Gr1.A
`The fish I caught'
Example #6:
(3) a. Na: karànta:.
1.S.CMPL.ABS read.V.Gr1.A
`I read.'
Example #7:
b. Na: karànta: shi.
1.S.CMPL.ABS read.V.Gr1.B it
`I read it.'
Example #8:
c. Na: karàntà litta:fìi.
1.S.CMPL.ABS read.V.Gr1.C book
`I read the book.'
Example #9:
(4) a. Na: sàya:. (H:94)
1.S.CMPL.ABS buy.V.Gr2.A
`I bought.'
Example #10:
b. Na: sàye: shì.
1.S.CMPL.ABS buy.V.Gr2.B him
`I bought it.'
Example #11:
c. Na: sàyi àbinci. (H:94)
1.S.CMPL.ABS buy.V.Gr2.C food
`I bought food.'
Example #12:
(8) a. ya: sa:to: jiyà. (N:662)
3.S.M.CMPL.ABS steal.V.Gr6.A yesterday
`He stole (it) yesterday.'
Example #13:
b. ya: sa:to: shì (N:662)
3.S.M.CMPL.ABS steal.V.Gr6.B him
`He stole it.'
Example #14:
c. ya: sa:to: mo:tà: (N:662)
3.S.M.CMPL.ABS steal.V.Gr6.C car
`He stole the car.'
Example #15:
(9) a. ya: karanto là:ba:rì: (N:662)
3.S.M.CMPL.ABS read.V.Gr6.C news
`He read the news.'
Example #16:
b. sun harbo za:kì: (N:662)
3.P.CMPL.ABS shot.V.Gr6.C lion
`They shot a lion.'
Example #17:
c. mun baro: yâ:ra: à gida: (N:662)
1.P.CMPL.ABS leave.V.Gr6.C children at house
`We left the children at home.'
Example #18:
(10) ya: kira: mùtûm
3.S.M.CMPL.ABS call.V.Irr.C man
`He called the man.'
Example #19:
(11) a. Na: sàya:. (H:94)
1.S.CMPL.ABS buy.V.Gr2.A
`I bought (it).'
Example #20:
b. Na: sàye: shì.
1.S.CMPL.ABS buy.V.Gr2.B him
`I bought it.'
Example #21:
c. Na: sàyi àbinci. (H:94)
1.S.CMPL.ABS buy.V.Gr2.C food
`I bought food.'
Example #22:
d. sàyi!
buy.V.IMP.Gr2.A (N:264)
`Buy (it)!'
Example #23:
e. sàyè: shi! (N:264)
buy.V.IMP.Gr2.B
`Buy it!'
Example #24:
f. sàyi àbinci.
buy.V.IMP.Gr2.C food
`Buy food!'
Example #25:
(12) a. ya: âi:bà:
3.S.M.CMPL.ABS dip.out.V.Gr2.A
`He dipped (it) out.'
Example #26:
b. âè:bi! (N:264)
dip.out.V.IMP.Gr2.A
`Dip out!'
Example #27:
(15) a. yanà: karàntâ:wa:
3.S.M.CONT.ABS reading.VN.Gr1.A
`he is reading it'
Example #28:
b. litta:fìn dà yakè: karàntâ:wa:
book.DEF.M that 3.S.M.CONT.REL reading.VN.Gr1.A
`the book he is reading'
Example #29:
(16) a. ta: kàrái kuâi:
3.F.S.CMPL.ABS receive.V.Gr2.C money
`She received money.'
Example #30:
b. ta: kàráe: shì
3.F.S.CMPL.ABS receive.V.Gr2.B him
`She received it.'
Example #31:
c. abîn dà ta kàráa:
thing that 3.F.S.CMPL.REL receive.V.Gr2.A
`the thing she received'
Example #32:
d. ta: kàráa:
3.F.S.CMPL.ABS receive.V.Gr2.A
`She received (it).'
Example #33:
(17) a. tanà: kàráan kuâi:
3.F.S.CONT.ABS receive.VN.M.C money
`She is receiving money.'
Example #34:
b. tanà: kàráansà
3.F.S.CONT.ABS receive.VN.M.B.POSS.M
`She is receiving it.'
Example #35:
c. abîn dà takè: kàráa:
thing.DEF.M that 3.F.S.CONT.REL receive.VN.M.A
`The thing she is receiving'
Example #36:
d. tanà: kàráa:
3.F.S.CONT.ABS receive.VN.M.A
`She is receiving it.'
Example #37:
(18) a. ta: karàntà litta:fìn Audù
3.S.F.CMPL.ABS read book.M Audu
`She read Audu's book.'
Example #38:
b. ta: karàntà litta:fìnsà
3.S.F.CMPL.ABS read book.N.M.B.POSS.M
`She read his book.'
Example #39:
c. Audù ne: ta karàntà litta:fìnsà
Audu 3.S.F.CMPL.REL read book.N.M.B.POSS.M
`It's Audu she read a book of '
Example #40:
d. ta: karàntà litta:fì:
3.S.F.CMPL.ABS read book.N.M.A
`She read a book.'
Example #41:
(19) Na: ka:mà: wà Mu:sa: ki:fi: (H:93)
1.S.CMPL.ABS catch.V.Gr1.D(=A) for Musa fish
`I caught fish for Musa.'
Example #42:
(20) a. ya: faâà: wà mutànên làba:rì: (N:468)
3.S.M.CMPL.ABS tell.V.Gr2.D(=A) men.DEF news
`He told the men the news.'
Example #43:
sukè: goyon ba:yansà (N:468)
3.P.CONT.REL supporting him
`He told then the news to the men who were supporting him.'
Example #44:
a. shi: nè: mùtumìn dà ya gayà: wà
he COP man that 3.S.M.CMPL.REL tell.V.Gr1.D(=A) IOM
`He is the man I told it to.'
Example #45:
b. wà: ka ji: wà ciwo: (N:277)
who 2.S.M.CMPL.REL feel.V.Irr.D IOM injury
`Whom did you injure?'
Example #46:
c. ya ji: wà ya:rò: ciwo: (N:277)
3.S.M.CMPL.REL feel.V.Irr.D IOM boy injury
`He injured the boy.'
Example #47:
a. shi: nè: mùtumìn dà ya gayà: wà:
he COP man that 3.S.M.CMPL.REL tell.V.Irr.D(=A) IOM
`He is the man I told it to.'
Example #48:
b. wà: ka ji: wà: ciwo: (N:277)
who 2.S.M.CMPL.REL feel.V.Irr.D IOM injury
`Whom did you injure?'
Example #49:
c. ya ji: wà ya:rò: ciwo: (N:277)
3.S.M.CMPL.REL feel.V.Irr.D IOM boy injury
`He injured the boy.'
Example #50:
(23) a. Ya: shuukà kuma audùga:.
he.CMPL.ABS planted.V.Gr1.C also wheat
`He also planted wheat.'
Example #51:
b. * Ya: shuukà: kuma audùga:.
he.CMPL.ABS planted.V.Gr1.A also wheat
`He also planted wheat.'
Example #52:
kè: ciki (N:331)
CONT.REL inside
`he saw also the kind of goods that were inside'
Example #53:
b. ta: tàmbàyi kùwa mà:târ (N:331)
3.S.F.CMLP.ABS ask.V.Gr2.C moreover woman
`She asked, moreover, the woman.'
Example #54:
a. bài hàrbi gi:wa: ba (N:639)
3.S.M.CMPL.NEG shoot.V.Gr2.C elephant NEG
`He didn't shoot an elephant.'
Example #55:
b. bài hàrbe: tà ba (N:639)
3.S.M.CMPL.NEG shoot.V.Gr2.B her NEG
`He didn't shoot it.'
Example #56:
a. bài hàrbi ba gi:wa: (N:639)
3.S.M.CMPL.NEG shoot.V.Gr2.C NEG elephant
`He didn't shoot an elephant.'
Example #57:
b. * bài hàrbe: ba tà (N:639)
3.S.M.CMPL.NEG shoot.V.Gr2.B NEG her
`He didn't shoot it.'
Example #58:
(27) a. Bintà ta: âarà Kànde tsawo:
Binta 3.S.F.ABS.COMPL slightly exceed.V.Gr1.C Kande height
`Binta is a little taller than Kande.'
Example #59:
b. an sa:kè naâ à wa:nè sarki (N:686)
4.S.ABS.COMPL repeat appoint.VN.Gr1.C so-and-so emir
`They again appointed so-and-so emir.'
Example #60:
c. sunà: biyàn Mu:sa: kuâi:
3.P.CONT.ABS pay.VN.M.C Musa money
`They paid Musa money.'
Example #61:
(28) a. kadà kà rò:Îi Bàla: go:rò! (N:685)
2.S.M.NEG.SUBJ beg.V.Gr2.C Bala cola nut
`Don't ask Bala for cola nuts!'
Example #62:
tsawo: (N:686)
height
`It's Kande that Binta is little taller than.'
Example #63:
(30) a. wândà akà sa:kè naâà:wa: sarki
who.M.REL 4.S.REL.COMPL repeat appoint.VN.Gr1.A emir
`whom they again appointed emir'
Example #64:
(31) a. su wà: kukè: biyà: kuâîn? (N:686)
who.p 2.P.CONT.REL pay.VN.M.A money.DEF.M
`Who are you paying the money?'
Example #65:
a. mutà:ne: sun zo: jiyà:
people 3.P.CMPL.ABS come yesterday
`The people came yesterday.'
Example #66:
b. mutà:ne: sunà: zuwà:
people 3.P.CONT.ABS coming
`The people are coming.'
Example #67:
a. mutà:nên dà sukà / *sun zo: jiyà:
men.DEF.P that 3.P.CMPL.REL 3.P.CMPL.ABS come yesterday
`the people who came yesterday'
Example #68:
b. mutà:nên dà sukè: / *sunà: zuwà:
men.DEF.P that 3.P.CONT.REL 3.P.CONT.ABS coming
`the people who are coming'
Example #69:
a. mè: ya / *ya: gani:
what 3.S.M.CMPL.REL 3.S.M.CMPL.ABS see
`What did he see?'
Example #70:
a. Kànde cè: ta / *ta: zo:
Kande COP 3.S.F.CMPL.REL 3.S.F.CMPL.ABS come
`It's Kande who came?'
Example #71:
b. cikin mo:tà: ne: mukà / *mun zo:
in car COP 1.P.CMPL.REL 1.P.CMPL.ABS come
`By car we came.'
Example #72:
(40) mè: sukè: fatan sun / *sukà gamà:
what 3.P.CONT.REL hoping 3.P.CMPL.ABS 3.P.CMPL.REL finish
`What did they hope they have finished?'