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be sure to cite ODIN and the source document. Please use the following citation record or variant thereof:
Ida Toivonen (2001). THE PHRASE STRUCTURE OF NON-PROJECTING WORDS.
URL: http://www-cmll.concordia.ca/linguistics/toivonen/toivonen-thesis.pdf
(Last accessed 2009-07-23).
ODIN: http://odin.linguistlist.org/igt_raw.php?id= 1269&langcode=swe (2021-03-04).
Example #1:
b El la lade bort vantarna. E. laid away mittens.the `Ella put the mittens away.'Example #2:
c Sanna kastade ut al la bockerna. S. threw out all books.the `Sanna threw all the books out.'Example #3:
Eric har slagit ihjal ormen. E. has beaten to.death snake.the `Eric has beaten the snake to death.'Example #4:
Eric har slagit ormen blodig. E. has beaten snake.the bloody `Eric has beaten the snake bloody'Example #5:
1.10 a Pojken laste boken. boy.the read book.the `The boy read the book.'Example #6:
b Boken laste han inte. book.the read he not `The book, he didn't read.'Example #7:
c Ett muntligt prov klarade hon lysande. an oral exam passed she brilliantly `An oral exam she passed easily.' PARExample #8:
1.11 a Daniel ater inte V P kakor. D. eats not cookies `Daniel doesn't eat cookies.'Example #9:
b So a kastar ofta V P bort saker. S. throws often away things `So a often throw things away.'Example #10:
1.14 a Oskar sa att han inte V P ater kakor . O. said that he not eats cookies `Oskar said that he doesn't eat cookies.'Example #11:
b Oskar vil l inte V P ata kakor . O. wants not eat cookies `Oskar does not want to eat cookies.'Example #12:
b Maria korde fram bilen *fram. M. drove forth car.the forth `Maria drove the car there.'Example #13:
c Simon kastade ut soporna *ut. S. threw out garbage.the out `Simon threw out the garbage.'Example #14:
2.11 a Matts kastade soporna P P i sopkorgen . M. threw garbage.the in garbage.can.the `Matts threw the garbage in the garbage can.'Example #15:
2.13 Ol le sparkade bol len langre bort . O. kicked ball.the further away. `Olle kicked the ball further away.'Example #16:
2.14 a ... och slapar ut honom. and drag out him `... and drag him out.' PARExample #17:
b Han vil l inte saga det rakt ut. he wants not say it right out `He does not want to say it straight out.' PARExample #18:
skogen. forest.the `Petra tries to kick the ball towards the forest.'Example #19:
2.28 a Fia stal ler glaset dar. F. stands glass.the there `Fia puts the glass there.'Example #20:
b Markus kastade bol len upp at. M. threw ball.the upwards `Markus threw the ball upwards.'Example #21:
2.30 a Maria sparkade bol len rakt upp. M. kicked ball.the straight up `Maria kicked the ball straight up.'Example #22:
b Simon korde bilen anda fram. S. drove car.the all.the.way forth `Simon drove car.the all the way there.'Example #23:
2.32 a ... och klost *blodig honom blodig. and scratched bloody him bloody `...and scratched him bloody.' PARExample #24:
brinnande rod ... burning red `He screamed himself completely red ...' PARExample #25:
2.33 a Sandra sparkade ihjal ormen. S. kicked to.death snake.the `Sandra kicked the snake dead.'Example #26:
2.36 a Niklas korde formod ligen dit bilen. N. drove probably there car.the `Niklas probably drove the car there.'Example #27:
b Jonna laste aldrig ut boken. J. never read out book.the `Jonna never nished the book.'Example #28:
c Slangde Peter bort boken? threw P. away book.the `Did Peter throw the book away?'Example #29:
b Bockerna ar blev utl anade. books.the are got out.lent `The books are got lent out.'Example #30:
d Utl aningen av bocker har okat. out.lending.the of books.the has increased `The lending of books has increased.'Example #31:
2.40 a Kal le skjutsade hem ickan. K. drove home girl.the `Kalle drove the girl home.'Example #32:
b Flickan ar blev hemskjutsad. girl.the is got home.driven `The girl are got driven home.'Example #33:
d Hemskjutsningen av ickan gick bra. home.driving of girl.the went well `Driving the girl home went well.'Example #34:
c Om folk kan komma ih ag ett namn som Schwarzenegger... if people can come to.mind a name like S. `If people can remember a name like Schwarzenegger...' PARExample #35:
2.44 a Sonderbrutna el ler bortkastade vapen l i br ag atar. broken.broken or away.thrown weapons lay in piles. `Guns that had been broken into pieces or thrown away lay in piles.'Example #36:
b Johanna ck pennan av Johan. J. got pencil.the from J. `Johanna got the pencil from Johan.'Example #37:
c Hon sparkade inte ut honom. she kicked not out him `She didn't kick him out.' PARExample #38:
b Pennan brot hon av, men suddgummit sparade hon. pencil.the broke she o , but eraser.the saved she `The pencil she broke in two, but the eraser she saved.'Example #39:
3.4 a Hit med smoret! here with butter.the `Give me the butter.'Example #40:
b Upp med handerna! up with hands.the `Hands up!'Example #41:
3.15 kungen av Danmarks slott king.the of Denmark-s castle `the king of Denmark's castle'Example #42:
4.22 a Peter sparkade bort bol len. P. kicked away ball.the `Peter kicked the ball away.'Example #43:
b Ol le sparkade bol len langre bort. O. kicked ball.the further away `Olle kicked the ball further away.'Example #44:
Ol le ater kakor. O. eats cookies `Olle eats cookies.'Example #45:
4.54 Johan sparkade sonder leksaken. J. kicked broken toy.the `Johan kicked the toy broken.'Example #46:
5.2 a Daniel ater inte V P kakor. D. eats not cookies `Daniel doesn't eat cookies.'Example #47:
b So a kastar ofta V P bort saker. S. throws often away things `So a often throw things away.'Example #48:
Fem av foraldrarna hol l tal. ve of parents.the held speech `Five of the parents made a speech.' PARExample #49:
Gamle farbror Adrian lat bygga den lil la vil lan. old uncle A. let build the little house `Old uncle Adrian had the little house built.' PARExample #50:
5.11 Kal le kan inte kora bil. K. can not drive car `Kalle cannot drive.'Example #51:
5.13 a Jonas lade dit boken *dit. J. lay there book.the there `Jonas put the book there.'Example #52:
b Ol le sparkade ihjal ormen *ihjal. O. kicked to.death snake.the to.death `Olle kicked the snake to death.'Example #53:
5.14 a Jonas lade *dar boken dar. J. put there book.the there `Jonas put the book there.'Example #54:
b Ol le sparkade *blodig ormen blodig. O. kicked bloody snake.the bloody `Olle kicked the snake bloody.'Example #55:
5.19 a satta p a barnen varma trojor set on.prt children.the warm sweaters.the `put warm sweaters on the children'Example #56:
c ta ifr an eleven pennan take from.prt student.the pen.the `take the pen from the student'Example #57:
d saga till personalen att komma say to.prt sta .the to come `tell the sta to come'Example #58:
5.20 a John gav ickan pengarna. J. gave girl.the money.the `John gave the girl the money.'Example #59:
5.23 a Dom tog ifr f an angen friheten. they took from prisoner.the freedom.the `They deprived the prisoner of his freedom.'Example #60:
5.26 a Mamma kor ofta bil. mom drives often car `Mom often drives cars.'Example #61:
b Lisa lat riva garaget. L. let tear garage.the `Lisa had the garage torn down.'Example #62:
b Trivs i studion gor han dock. likes.it in studio.the does he however `He does, however, enjoy himself in the studio.' PARExample #63:
c ... erkande den gjorde hon inte. admitted it did she not `... admit it she did not. PARExample #64:
dungen vid stranden. grove.the by beach.the the beach.' PARExample #65:
d IOK har tystat ner och begravt dopingfal l tidigare. IOK has silenced down and buried doping.cases before `IOK has silenced and buried doping cases before.' PARExample #66:
5.40 Han korde p. a he drove on `He kept driving.'Example #67:
5.41 Han korde bilen. he drove car.the `He drove the car.'Example #68:
5.42 Sara lat bygga ut huset. S. let build.prt out.prt house.the `Sara had the house made bigger.Example #69:
5.43 Hon korde bil upp. she drove car.prt up.prt `She drove up.'Example #70:
5.44 Hon korde upp bilen *upp. she drove up car.the *up `She drove the car up.'Example #71:
5.45 Kal le hade hoppat upp. K. had jumped up `Kalle had jumped up.'Example #72:
5.49 a Jan sparkar upp bol len. J. kicks up ball.the `Jan kicks the ball up.'Example #73:
5.55 a Pel le stadade rummet. P. cleaned room.the `Pelle cleaned the room.'Example #74:
b Rummet stadade Pel le. room.the cleaned P. `The room is what Pelle cleaned.'Example #75:
5.56 a Han sade att Pel le garna stadade rummet. he said that P. with.pleasure cleaned room.the `He said that Pelle cleaned the room with pleasure.'Example #76:
moget. maturely `Maria claimed that Goran really did not act mature.'Example #77:
5.57 a Elin skrattade. E. laughed `Elin laughed.'Example #78:
b ... att Elin skrattade. that E. laughed `...that Elin skrattade.'Example #79:
5.62 a Jag blir ledsen om du inte kommer. I get sad if you not come `I will get sad if you don't come.'Example #80:
b ... nar hon vil le kora hem honom. when she wanted drive home him `... when she wanted to drive him home.' PARExample #81:
b Sam skul le kora honom til l arbetet. S. would drive him to work.the `Sam would drive him to work.' PARExample #82:
b Han hoppade i. he jumped in `He jumped in understood: into the water.' PARExample #83:
c ... och hal lde i te dem. at and poured in tea for them `...and poured tea for them.' PARExample #84:
6.6 a Elin sitter har. E. sits here.loc `Elin sits here.'Example #85:
c Elin leker hemma. E. plays hom.loc `Elin plays at home.'Example #86:
d Elin kommer hem. E. comes home.dir `Elin comes home.'Example #87:
6.7 a Maria slanger dit bol len dit. M. throws there.dir ball.the there.dir `Maria throws the ball there.'Example #88:
b Maria skjutsar hem henne hem. M. drives home her home `Maria drives her home.'Example #89:
6.8 a Elin forvarar *dar kakorna dar. E. keeps *there.loc cookies.the there.loc `Elin keeps the cookies there.'Example #90:
b Elin lamnar *hemma barnet hemma. E. leaves *home.loc child.the home.loc `Elin leaves the child at home.'Example #91:
rycker los meningar ur sina sammanhang. pulls free sentences out.of their contexts out of their context. PARExample #92:
men han kan bli fotbol lsspelare av varldsklass but he can become soccer.player of world.class become a world class soccer player.' PARExample #93:
6.11 a James Bond forfoljde mannen hem. J. B. followed man.the home.dir `James bond followed the man home.'Example #94:
6.12 a Matts lagger boken dar. M. lays book.the there.loc `Matts puts the book there.'Example #95:
b Hans tog bussen hem. H. took bus.the home `Hans took the bus home.'Example #96:
b Peter tog hissen ner. P. took elevator.the down `Peter took the elevator down.'Example #97:
b Flickan tog stigen til lbaka. girl.the took path.the back `The girl took the path back.'Example #98:
6.17 a Ul la charmade hem Per. U. charmed home P. `Ulla charmed Per home.'Example #99:
b Han pratade hit mannen. he talked here man.the `He talked the man here.'Example #100:
6.19 Maria slangde bort boken. M. threw away book.the `Maria threw the book away.'Example #101:
6.22 Jag kan inte med att slanga dem. I can not with to throw them `I can't stand to throw them out away.' PARExample #102:
6.23 a ... de lurar inte dit honom. they trick him there not `...they don't get him to go there by tricking him.' PARExample #103:
dit henne. there her there.' PARExample #104:
c Men vi ska inte forklara bort forlusten. but we shall not explain away loss.the `But we will not explain the loss away.' PARExample #105:
d Du tjatar ihjal oss. you nag to.death us `You nag us to death.' PARExample #106:
e ... att tjata fram en akut ryggoperation. to nag forth an urgent back.operation `...to bring about an important back operation through nagging.' PARExample #107:
6.25 Maria slangde bort boken. M. threw away book.the `Maria threw the book away.'Example #108:
6.28 a Potatisen kan koka sonder. potato.the can boil broken `The potatoes may boil until they break.'Example #109:
a Pojken ramlade ner. boy.the fell down `The boy fell down.'Example #110:
b Folk skul le ju sig. people could surely be.able laugh to.death SELF `People could obviously laugh themselves to death.' PARExample #111:
6.33 a James Bond forfoljde mannen hem. J. B. followed man.the home.dir `James bond followed the man home.'Example #112:
6.35 a Hans tog bussen hem. H. took bus.the home `Hans took the bus home.'Example #113:
b Peter tog hissen ner. P. took elevator.the down `Peter took the elevator down.'Example #114:
c Flickan tog stigen til lbaka. girl.the took path.the back `The girl took the path back.'Example #115:
6.36 a Hans tog hem bussen. H. took home bus.the `Hans took home the bus.'Example #116:
b Peter tog ner hissen. P. took down elevator.the `Peter took down the elevator.'Example #117:
c Flickan tog tillbaka stigen. girl.the took back path.the `The girl took back the path.'Example #118:
6.42 John kastade ut soporna *ut. J. threw out garbage.the out `John threw out the garbage.'Example #119:
6.44 Johan sparkade ihjal ormen. J. kicked to.death snake.the `Johan kicked the snake to death.Example #120:
6.45 Johan sparkade ormen blodig. J. kicked snake.the bloody `Johan kicked the snake bloody.'Example #121:
6.57 a Kretsloppet kan dock circulation.the can however not turn on in all eternity `The circulation cannot keep moving forever.' PARExample #122:
6.62 a Mannen pratade p a i en timme. man.the talked on in an hour `The man talked on for an hour.'Example #123:
b ... hon hade stadat upp i koket... she had cleaned up in kitchen.the `...she had cleaned up in the kitchen...' PARExample #124:
c De ater upp resten av kycklingen under tystnad. they eat up rest of chicken.the during silence `They eat nish the rest of the chicken in silence.' PARExample #125:
6.68 a Hon drack upp mjolken p en a timme. she drank up milk.the on an hour `She drank up the milk in an hour.'Example #126:
b *Hon drack upp mjolken i en timme. she drank up milk.the in an hour *`She drank up the milk for an hour.'Example #127:
c Han blinkade till n a gagr anger. he blinked to few times `He blinked a few times.' PARExample #128:
d Louise fnissade till. L. giggled to `Louise giggled once; suddenly' PARExample #129:
6.72 a *Dom dar tycker om att forstora till. they there like about to destroy to intended: `Those people like to destroy suddenly'.Example #130:
6.78 a Den resa de har kampat for ser inte ut att bli the trip they have fought for sees not out to become o `It doesn't look like the trip they have been ghting for will happen.'Example #131:
sjunga. sing `Erica says that she plays a little guitar and that she likes to sing.' PARExample #132:
6.86 a Sparkade bort gjorde hon bol len. non-idiom kicked away she did ball.the `Kick away she did the ball.'Example #133:
b *Hol l av gjorde hon barnet. idiom held o did she child.the `like she did the child.'Example #134:
och jag tror att jag stampade i golvet ocks a. and I think that I stomped in the oor also my feet as well.' PARExample #135:
c Chefen skal lde ut honom. boss.the barked out him `The boss scolded him.' PARExample #136:
e *Hon skal lde honom. she barked him intended: `She scolded him.'Example #137:
b Jag hangde p a generalen medaljen. I hung on.prt general.the medal.the `I hung the medal on the general.'Example #138:
b kasta av sig kladerna throw o .prt SIG clothes.the `throw one's clothes o 'Example #139:
c ta ifr an eleven pennan take from.prt student.the pen.the `take the pen from the student'Example #140:
7.59 a Han skickade upp en drink til l mig. he sent up a drink to me `He sent up a drink to me.'Example #141:
b Erik sparkade bol len P P rakt upp. E. kicked ball.the straight up `Erik kicked the ball straight up.'