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ODIN

The Online Database of Interlinear Text

The following interlinear glossed text data was extracted from a document found on the World Wide Web via a semi-automated process. The data presented here could contain corruption (degraded or missing characters), so the source document (link below) should be consulted to ensure accuracy. If you use any of the data shown here for research purposes, be sure to cite ODIN and the source document. Please use the following citation record or variant thereof:

Bittner, Maria & Ken Hale (1997). COMPARATIVE NOTES ON ERGATIVE CASE SYSTEMS.

URL: http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~mbittner/pdf%20files%20for%20web/bittner%20&%20hale%2093.pdf

(Last accessed 2006-01-02).
ODIN: http://odin.linguistlist.org/igt_raw.php?id= 1610&langcode=hin (2021-05-25).

Example #1:

    a. kutte     bhauNk rah-e         haiN.                          NOM
    dogs(M) bark        PRG-PL.M be.PRS.3PL
    `The dogs are barking.'

Example #2:

    a. kuttoN-ne bhauNk-aa.                                          ERG
    dogs-ERG bark-PRF.SG.M
    `The dogs barked.'

Example #3:

    b. niinaa-ne kuttoN-ko khariid-aa.                               ERG-ACC
    Nina-ERG [dogs-ACC buy]-PRF.SG.M
    `Nina bought the dogs.'

Example #4:

    c. niinaa-ne kele       khariid-e.                               ERG-NOM
    Nina-ERG [bananas buy]-PRF.PL.M
    `Nina bought the bananas.'

Example #5:

    anu-ko acchaa          nahiiN lag-aa.
    Anu-DAT good.SG.M not           strike-PRF.SG.M
    `Anu didn't like the dogs' barking.'

Example #6:

    anu-ko acchaa          nahiiN lag-aa.
    Anu-DAT good.SG.M not           strike-PRF.SG.M
    `Anu didn't like Nina's buying the dogs.'

Example #7:

    anu-ko acchaa          nahiiN lag-aa.
    Anu-DAT good.SG.M not           strike-PRF.SG.M
    `Anu didn't like Nina's buying the bananas.'

Example #8:

    a. kuttoN-se bhauNk-aa        nahiiN ga-yaa.                     INS
    dogs-INS bark-PRF.SG.M not         go-PRF.SG.M
    `The dogs couldn't bring themselves to bark.'

Example #9:

    b. niinaa-se kuttoN-ko khariid-aa          nahiiN ga-yaa.        INS-ACC
    Nina-INS [dogs-ACC buy]-PRF.SG.M not            go-PRF.SG.M
    `Nina couldn't bring herself to buy the dogs.'

Example #10:

    c. niinaa-se kele        khariid-e        nahiiN ga-ye           INS-NOM
    Nina-INS [bananas buy]-PRF.PL.M not            go-PRF.PL.M
    `Nina couldn't bring herself to buy the bananas.'

Example #11:

    a. kuttoN-ko bhauNk-naa      hai.                                                            DAT
    dogs-DAT bark-INF.SG.M be.PRS.3s
    `The dogs must bark.'

Example #12:

    b. niinaa-ko kuttoN-ko khariid-naa    hai.                                                   DAT-ACC
    Nina-DAT [dogs-ACC buy]-INF.SG.M be.PRS.3SG
    `Nina must buy the dogs.'

Example #13:

    c. niinaa-se kele        khariid-ne haiN                                                     DAT-NOM
    Nina-INS [bananas buy]-INF.PL.M be.PRS.3PL
    `Nina must buy the bananas.'