The following interlinear glossed text data was extracted from a document found on the
World Wide Web via a semi-automated process. The data presented here could contain
corruption (degraded or missing characters), so the source document (link below) should
be consulted to ensure accuracy.
If you use any of the data shown here for research purposes,
be sure to cite ODIN and the source document. Please use the following citation record or variant thereof:
Ameka, Felix K. (2005). Multiverb constructions in a West African areal typological perspective.
URL: http://edvarda.hf.ntnu.no/ling/tross/ameka_TROSS03_paper.pdf
(Last accessed ).
ODIN: http://odin.linguistlist.org/igt_raw.php?id= 2785&langcode=aka (2021-09-26).
Example #1:
(12) YE-sOre-e ntE!m kO-O fie
TWI 1PL-rise-PAST quickly go-PAST home
`We arose [got up FKA] quickly (and) went home'
Example #2:
(13) Wo-te hO! re-su
TWI 3PL-sit there PROG-cry
`They sit there weep = weeping'
Example #3:
(17) a O-guaré baa mpoa nó
TWI 3SG-swim come-PAST shore DEF
`He swam to the shore' (interlinear glosses added FKA)
Example #4:
b Me-guaré me-ba-e
1SG-swim 1SG-come-PAST
`I swam hither'
Example #5:
(18) a Esi ma-a Kofi dzi-i edziban no
FANTE Esi make-COMPL Kofi eat-COMPL food DEF
`Esi made Kofi eat the food'.
Example #6:
b Esi ma-a o-dzi-i edziban no
Esi make-COMPL 3SG SUBJ-eat-COMPL food DEF
`Esi made him eat the food'. (Osam 1994: 198 200)
Example #7:
(24) a Kofi nye Ama ba-a fie
AKAN Kofi accompany Ama come-COMPL home
`Ama accompanied Kofi home`/ 'Kofi came home with Ama'.
Example #8:
b Kofi nye banyin no twitwa-a ndua no
Kofi accompany man DEF cut-COMPL trees DEF
`Kofi cut the trees together with the man'
Example #9:
(33) a O-ba-(e) bE-fa-e
AKAN 3SG-come-PAST VENT-take-PAST
He came to take it
Example #10:
b. O-kO-(e) kO-fa-e
3SG-go-PAST ITIVE-take-PAST
He went to take it (Adapted from Boadi 2000)